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Hawaii–Tahiti relations refers to the historical relationship between the independent Kingdom of Hawaii and the Kingdom of Tahiti. Relations included one treaty, proposed marriage alliances, and exchanges of trade and diplomatic representatives from the early 1800s to 1880. ==History== According to oral traditions the second migration of Polynesians to the Hawaiian islands came from the south from a place called ''Kahiki'', often identified as Samoa or Tahiti. This second migration replaced the older Marquesan settlers and form the new alii class. Communication between the two regions ceased for more than half a millennium before the arrival of Captain James Cook who was already famous for exploring the Pacific islands including Tahiti. He and his crew were struck by the similarity between the Tahitian and Hawaiian languages, and many crewmen were able to communicate with the Hawaiians. Some of the first Tahitians came to Hawaii aboard foreign vessels as sailors or translators. In 1804, British Captain John Turnbull brought a Tahitian couple to Kauai. Tahitians missionaries led by William Ellis from the London Missionary Society, arrived to assist the American missionaries in Hawaii. A few years prior to 1804, King Kaumualii of Kauai had sent an envoy to Tahiti to select a wife suitable to his lineage and position and no doubt to forge an alliance with the Tahitians in the event King Kamehameha I were to attempt to invade Kauai. The man never returned to Kauai and instead settled in Tahiti. Before his kidnapping by Queen Kaahumanu in 1819, Kaumualii had planned on a voyage to Tahiti with Reverend Hiram Bingham I for the purpose of exploring the possibilities there for trade and missionaries. Through use of western weaponry, native rulers on both islands were able to consolidate their power and defeat rival chiefs. Kamehameha I united all eight islands of Hawaii by 1810. Pōmare I managed to unite the island of Tahiti along with Moʻorea, Tetiaroa, and Mehetia; although he was never able to conquer Maiao or the Leeward Islands, which remain independent and ruled by three other separate kingdoms. There were some instances of correspondents between the Kamehameha Dynasty and the Pōmare Dynasty. A double marriage alliance was proposed by the two kings in which a daughters of each would be married to a son of the other. Kekāuluohi was chosen for this but, with the death of Pōmare, plans for a match collapsed. Both the rulers of Tahiti and Hawaii adhered to the Protestant faith and did not hesitate in persecuting native Catholics and deporting Catholic missionaries (in the case of Tahiti, Queen Pōmare denied such doings) which resulted in conflict with France, the dominant Catholic power during the 1800s. Hawaii was able to escape colonialism by gaining the recognition of France, Great Britain, and the United States, while Tahiti was not so fortunate. In 1842, Queen Pōmare IV was forced to accept a French protectorate over her kingdom, and in 1843 French troops were landed in the islands by Admiral Dupetit Thouars, affectively placing Tahiti under French control and rendering the Queen a mere puppet ruler. Queen Pōmare wrote to King Kamehameha III:
Sympathetic to the Tahitian Queen, Hawaiians were horrified at the situation in Tahiti, knowing full well that Hawaii was as susceptible (if not more so) to European colonial aggressions in the Pacific. The Hawaiians were especially fearful of the French. The French admiral Dupetit Thouars, that had invaded Tahiti, landed in Hawaii a decade before in 1837 aboard the French frigate ''La Venus'' and had demanded the Premier Kaʻahumanu II and the young King Kamehameha III to stop persecuting the French Catholic missionaries; at that time Dupetit Thouars was only a captain of an exploring expedition and didn't have the power or men to put any pressure on the Hawaiians. The demands were ignored and the anti-French stance of the government continued until the 1839 Laplace Affair which forced the Hawaiian government to acknowledge the rights of Catholic in their realm with the Edict of Toleration and pay $20,000 in compensation. Western pressure on Hawaii continued with the 1843 Paulet Affair, involving the British, and the threat of annexation was ever present. From the palace of Honolulu, Kamehameha III wrote back to her on February 4, 1845: To Queen Pomare, The French Admiral De Tromelin invaded Honolulu in 1849, caused $100,000 in damage and took the king's yacht, ''Kamehameha III'', which was sailed to Tahiti. Hawaii escaped French annexation because the balance of American, British and French interests in the islands made it impossible for any of the three nations to annex the islands. In 1849, Tahitian Princess Ninito Teraiapo, accompanied by her cousins, all nieces of Queen Pōmare IV, arrived in Honolulu from Tahiti as guests of the Admiral De Tromelin. She was betrothed to Prince Moses Kekūāiwa, but arrived to news of his death. Instead she married John Kapilikea Sumner. Ninito returned to Tahiti with her husband, who served as Hawaiian consul to Tahiti for a number of years. In November 24, 1853, Tahiti and Hawaii signed a Postal Treaty which set Tahitian postage at 5¢ per ½ oz. and Hawaii postage at 5¢ per ½ oz. This was the only formal diplomatic treaty between the two countries.〔(Heart of the West: San Francisco as a postal hub from 1849 to 1869 )〕〔(Treaties, Conventions And International Agreements Of The Kingdom Of Hawai`I ). Hawaii-nation.org. Retrieved on 2011-11-02.〕〔("Postal Convention between the Hawaiian Kingdom and the French Protectorate Government of Tahiti, Nov. 24, 1853." ). Retrieved on 2011-11-27.〕 Hawaii maintained a consul in the Tahitian capital Papeetē,〔The Hawaiian journal of history: Volume 25〕 and this representation continued after the French annexation of Tahiti in 1880, but as a diplomatic gesture to France and its colonies rather than to the former relationship between Tahiti and Hawaii. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hawaii–Tahiti relations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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